1st Matter in the universe!

 1st MATTER IN THE UNIVERSE! 

June 6, 2021

Inside A Large Ion Collider Experiment. (Image credit: Dean Mouhtaropoulos / Staff via Getty Images)

 Hello friends, now you may have noticed in the title that it's something about space again. I am sorry to bring that topic up again but it's really not all about space, I just hope you like it. And it is not a fact it is the latest news in the Particle Physics. I really wanted to share this thing with you all.

So  this post talks about-   Scientists have recreated the first matter that appeared after the Big Bang in the Large Hadron Collider.

Large Hadron collider is a type of particle accelerator. The FLASH fans get this. A particle accelerator from which Barry(Flash) got his speed. A particle accelerator is a machine that uses electromagnetic fields to propel charged particles to very high speeds and energies and to contain them in well-defined beams. Large accelerators are used for basic research in particle physics.

Large Hadron Collider is the world's largest and most powerful particle accelerator located at CERN.

After the Big Bang, the universe was thought to be a soup of energy before it rapidly expanded during a period known as inflation, which allowed the universe to cool enough for matter to form. The first entities thought to emerge were quarks, a fundamental particle, and gluons, which carry the strong force that glues quarks together. As the universe cooled further, these particles formed subatomic particles called hadrons, some of which we know as protons and neutrons. 

Scientists smashed together lead particles at 99.9999991% the speed of the light, and have recreated the first matter that appeared after the Big Bang. And out of the wreck came a primordial type of matter known as quark-gluon plasma, or QGP. It only lasted a fraction of a second, but for the first time, scientists were able to probe the plasma's liquid-like characteristics — finding it to have less resistance to flow than any other known substance — and determine how it evolved in the first moments in the early universe.

"This study shows us the evolution of the QGP and eventually [could] suggest how the early universe evolved in the first microsecond after the Big Bang," said co-author You Zhou, an associate professor at the Niels Bohr Institute, the University of Copenhagen in Denmark.

The scientists think they first created a QGP in 2000, but the latest batch, reported online on May 11, 2021, that the first time they could probe the characteristics of its liquid nature in detail. Since the plasma only lasted 10 to minus 23 seconds, the scientists used new computer simulations and they found out that the liquid condensed into hadrons. 

They found the QGP was a perfect liquid — which means that it had almost no resistance to flow, and it also changed shape over time in a manner unlike other forms of matter. 

This information helps scientists understand what the universe was like in the first moments right after the Big Bang. To understand this further the accelerator is updated and a new billion-dollar accelerator in the United States has come online. More studies will help how the quarks and gluons are arranged into protons and neutrons and potentially link to the earlier stage, called quantum inflation. 

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world’s largest and most powerful particle accelerator. It consists of a 27-kilometre ring of superconducting magnets with a number of accelerating structures to boost the energy of the particles along the way.

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